Humpath.com - Human pathology

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• non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

  25 February

  NAFLD WP
  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one cause of a fatty liver, occurring when fat is deposited (steatosis) in the liver NOT due to excessive alcohol use.
  It is related to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome and may respond to treatments originally developed for other insulin-resistant states (e.g. diabetes mellitus type 2) such as weight loss, metformin and thiazolidinediones.
  Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most extreme form of NAFLD, and is (...)

• nodal EBV-associated cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma

  25 February

  EBV-associated cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma of lymph nodes; nodal EBV-positive cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma; nodal EBV cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma
  Synopsis
  apperance (#25634749#). centroblastoid appearance (56%) (lower incidence in ENKTL :15%). pleomorphic appearance ( 23%) (ENKTL : 67%).
  T-cell lineage (85%) on the basis of TCR expression and/or TCRγ gene rearrangement (#25634749#). 46% are TCRβ positive (αβ T) 13% are TCRγ and/or δ positive (γδ T) 26% are TCR-silent type with clonal TCRγ gene (...)

• IDH1-R132H IHC

  25 February

  IHC for IDH1-R132H is relatively sensitive and specific, but there is a discordance rate that is not trivial, with NGS mutation profiling. In addition, a significant proportion of patients harbor IDH1 non-R132H mutations not detectable by IHC, potentially limiting utility of IHC screening for IDH1 mutations.
  References
  Comparison of Next-generation Sequencing Mutation Profiling With BRAF and IDH1 Mutation-specific Immunohistochemistry. Jabbar KJ, Luthra R, Patel KP, Singh RR, Goswami R, (...)

• BRAF-V600E IHC

  25 February

  IHC for BRAF V600E is relatively sensitive and specific, but there is a discordance rate that is not trivial with NGS mutation profiling. In addition, a significant proportion of patients harbor BRAF non-V600E not detectable by IHC, potentially limiting utility of IHC screening for BRAF mutations. (#25634750#)
  References
  Comparison of Next-generation Sequencing Mutation Profiling With BRAF and IDH1 Mutation-specific Immunohistochemistry. Jabbar KJ, Luthra R, Patel KP, Singh RR, Goswami (...)

• Immunohistochemical markers

  25 February

  3 beta  7 AAD  11A1  14-3-3sigma  15-PGDH  45M1
  A A beta 42  abl  acid phosphatase  ACSM1   actin-general  actin-alpha cardiac  actin-alpha smooth muscle  actin-muscle specific  AE1/AE3 (cytokeratin)  AF4  AGR2  AKT1  albumin  alcian blue  ALK  alkaline phosphatase  ALL1  alpha-1-antichymotrypsin  alpha-1-antitrypsin  alpha-fetoprotein  alpha-lactalbumin  AMACR  AML1  androgen receptor  APC  API2-MALT1  Apolipoprotein D  arginase1  ATM 
  B72.3  - bcl1 - bcl2 bcl6 bclXl bcr-abl Beclin1 BerEP4  (...)

• tumor budding

  25 February

  Tumor budding is a well-established adverse prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.
  By tumors
  colorectal carcinoma Tumor budding is a well-established adverse prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.
  pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Tumor Budding Is an independent adverse prognostic factor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (#25634751#) The assessment of budding with H&E is reliable and could be used to better risk stratify patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. (...)

• lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma

  23 February

  Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma (LEL-HCC) is an uncommon variant of HCC with only 22 cases reported in the literature in 2014.
  LEL-HCC is an independent prognostic factor for overall and progression-free survivals.
  LEL-HCC does not differ in frequencies of microsatellite instability, BRAF mutation, and DNA hypermethylation.
  LEL-HCC is a distinct uncommon variant of HCC characterized by dense cytotoxic T-cell infiltration and favorable prognosis.
  References (...)

• SMARCB1-deficient vulvar tumors

  11 February

  SMARCB1-deficient Vulvar Neoplasms
  Loss of expression of the SMARCB1 (INI1/BAF47/SNF5) tumor-suppressor protein, originally identified in pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumors, has been noted in significant percentages of epithelioid sarcomas of classical and proximal-type and in myoepithelial carcinomas.
  Epithelioid sarcoma and myoepithelial carcinoma are very rare in the vulvar region, and few of these cases have been evaluated for SMARCB1 protein loss by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or for (...)

• EBV-associated classical Hodgkin lymphoma

  9 February

  EBV-related CHL
  There is strong evidence supporting an association of Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) with EBV. There is strong evidence between an altered EBV humoral immune response and development of CHL.
  In epidemiologic studies the overall prevalence of EBV in CHL in immune competent individuals is approximately 50% (40-70%) with higher incidence in African and South American countries and lower incidence in some European countries. In HIV infected individuals EBV associated HL can (...)

• EBV-associated DLBCL

  9 February

  Epstein-Barr Virus Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (EBV+ DLBCL) Of The Elderly; Senile EBV Lymphoproliferative Disorder
  Definition: EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly is a diagnosis that was recently added as a new category of lymphoma in the 2008 WHO Classification Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, as a provisional clinicopathological entity.
  Given the poor prognosis (mean survival: 2 years), the diagnosis of EBV-positive DLBCL must be clearly determined, and a (...)

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