Cellular components

Articles

• lysosomes
  24 September 2003

  Adj. lysosomal

• cardiac sarcomere
  16 July 2003

  Components
  thick filament cardiac myosin binding protein C regulatory and essential light chains beta myosin heavy chain
  thin filament troponin-I troponin-T tropomyosin actin
  Pathology (sarcomeropathies)
  Mutations in genes encoding each of the proteins can cause hyertrophic cardiomyopathy.

• corneodesmosomes
  13 December 2004

  Corneodesmosomes are intercellular structures that are involved in desquamation, the shedding of superficial corneocytes from the skin surface.
  Corneocytes are anucleated cells derived from keratinocytes during the late stages of terminal differentiation of cornified squamous epithelia such as the epidermis.
  See also
  corneocytes
  corneodesmosin
  CDSN
  DSG4

• chromatin
  13 July 2003

  See also : chromatin appearance / chromatin anomalies
  Definition: Chromatin is the DNA/protein/RNA complex extracted from eukaryotic lysed interphase nuclei. Just which of the multitudinous substances present in a nucleus will constitute a part of the extracted material will depend in part on the technique each researcher uses. Furthermore, the composition and properties of chromatin vary from one cell type to the another, during development of a specific cell type, and at different stages (...)

• P bodies
  13 July 2007

  Post-transcriptional processes have a central role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression.
  Proteins that are involved in mRNA degradation, translational repression, mRNA surveillance and RNA-mediated gene silencing, together with their mRNA targets, colocalize within discrete cytoplasmic domains known as P bodies.
  P bodies are sites where mRNAs that are not being translated accumulate, the information carried by associated proteins and regulatory RNAs is integrated, and their (...)

• chromatoid body
  13 July 2007

  The chromatoid body is a unique cloud-like structure of male germ cells. It moves dynamically in the cytoplasm of haploid spermatids, but its function has remained elusive for decades.
  microRNA and RNA-decay pathways converge to the chromatoid body.
  This highly specialized structure might function as an intracellular focal domain that organizes and controls RNA processing in male germ cells.
  References
  Kotaja N, Sassone-Corsi P. The chromatoid body: a germ-cell-specific RNA-processing (...)

• axons
  2 December 2003

  See also
  axonal guidance
  axonal transport
  References
  Baas PW, Ahmad FJ. Force generation by cytoskeletal motor proteins as a regulator of axonal elongation and retraction. Trends Cell Biol. 2001 Jun;11(6):244-9. PMID: #11356360#

• synapse
  4 December 2003

  synapses; synaptic junction WKP
  See also
  synaptogenesis
  References
  Takeichi M, Abe K. Synaptic contact dynamics controlled by cadherin and catenins. Trends Cell Biol. 2005 Apr;15(4):216-21. PMID: #15817378#
  Kim E, Sheng M. PDZ domain proteins of synapses. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Oct;5(10):771-81. PMID: #15378037#
  Matteoli M, Coco S, Schenk U, Verderio C. Vesicle turnover in developing neurons: how to build a presynaptic terminal. Trends Cell Biol. 2004 Mar;14(3):133-40. PMID: (...)

• Birbeck granules
  8 April 2005

  Tennis racket shaped structures found in Langerhan’s cells in histiocytosis X (Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis) which includes eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe disease and Hand-Schuller-Christian disease.
  See also
  Langerhans cells
  Langerhans cell histiocytosis

• nucleus
  15 September 2003

  cell nucleus, cellular nucleus. Brown, 1833. nuclei WKPD
  Definition: The cellular organelle in eukaryotes that contains the genetic material.
  The major components of the nucleus are chromosomes, chromatin, which are dense strands of nucleoprotein fibers holding the genetic material of the cell, and the nuclear matrix, which is a protein-containing fibrillar network.
  The nucleoli ( nucleole ) are electron-dense structures that function in the synthesis of ribosomes and rRNA.
  The (...)

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