Molecular function

Articles

• antigen presentation
  7 October 2003

  Actin cytoskeleton
  Following the interaction of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells with T cells, the T cell receptor (TCR) signalling pathway leads to early events such as the phosphorylation of the TCR, release of Ca2+, and the recruitment and activation of non-receptor tyrosine kinases and adapter proteins.
  In the context of actin cytoskeleton remodeling, the Arp2/3 complex and Ena/VASP proteins co-localise at the immunological synapse, the structure that is (...)

• telomere maintenance
  29 September 2003

  Two types of telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) have been described in human tumors: telomerase activation and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT).
  The vast majority of epithelial tumors rely on telomerase activation. Many mesenchymal tumors rely also on ALT for telomere maintenance.
  Telomeres
  Telomeres, which define the ends of chromosomes, consist of short, tandemly repeated DNA sequences loosely conserved in eukaryotes. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex ( we only (...)

• cell-cycle checkpoints
  26 September 2003

  DNA integrity checkpoints, DNA damage checkpoints, cellular cycle checkpoints, Cell Cycle Checkpoints

• reprogramming
  20 November 2003

  epigenetic reprogramming, nuclear reprogramming, cellular reprogramming
  Types
  epigenetic reprogramming
  nuclear reprogramming
  cellular reprogramming
  Journals
  Cellular Reprogramming (ISSN: 2152-4971 • Bimonthly • Online ISSN: 2152-4998), Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
  References
  Hendrix MJ, Seftor EA, Seftor RE, Kasemeier-Kulesa J, Kulesa PM, Postovit LM. Reprogramming metastatic tumour cells with embryonic microenvironments. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Apr;7(4):246-55. PMID: #17384580#
  Hansis (...)

• fatty acid omega oxidation
  25 October 2004

  While the main route of fatty acid metabolism is through beta-oxidation, some minor metabolic pathways such as omega oxidation also contribute to the metabolism of fatty acids and other molecules.
  Omega oxidation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum rather than the mitochondria, the site of beta-oxidation.
  The omega carbon in a fatty acid is the carbon furthest in the alkyl chain from the carboxylic acid. In the omega oxidation pathway, this carbon is progressively oxidized first to an (...)

• DNA damage
  15 September 2003

  DNA lesions, DNA damages WKP
  Definition: All cells can sustain DNA damage from various sources that are conveniently classified as either endogenous or exogenous in origin.
  See also :
  naturally occurring DNA damage
  DNA damage by reactive oxygen species
  In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day.
  Many of these lesions cause (...)

• glycosylation
  6 October 2003

  Definition: Glycosylation is the process or result of addition of saccharides to proteins and lipids. The process is one of four principal co-translational and post-translational modification steps in the synthesis of membrane and secreted proteins and the majority of proteins synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) undergo glycosylation. It is an enzyme-directed site-specific process, as opposed to the non-ezymatic chemical reaction of glycation.
  There exists N-linked (...)

• exonic splicing enhancers
  14 October 2003

  cis-acting splicing elements. Some missense mutations are deleterious because they disturb "exonic splicing enhancers" (ESEs). (#14526391#)

• RNA repair
  2 July 2004

  References
  Mansfield SG, Chao H, Walsh CE. RNA repair using spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing. Trends Mol Med. 2004 Jun;10(6):263-8. PMID: #15177190#

• low-copy repeats
  14 October 2003

  LCRs

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