diseases

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Definition: A disease is a particular abnormal condition (anomaly - anomalies ), a disorder of a structure or function , that affects part or all of an organism.

The study of diseases is pathology.
The classification of diseases is nosology.
The study of the causes of diseases is etiology.
The study of the mechanisms of diseases is physiopathology.

Syndromes

Diseases differ from syndromes.

Causes

The study of the causes of diseases forms the etiology.

Mechanisms of diseases

The study of the mechanisms of diseases is physiopathology.

Etiological classification of diseases

 genetic diseases, grouping chromosomal diseases and genic diseases
 infectious diseases caused by infections / infection and infectious agents
 dysimmune diseases caused by dysimmunity
 environmental diseases caused by environment , toxics , drugs
 nutritional diseases caused by nutritional anomalies
 degenerative diseases caused by senescence and ageing / aging
 tumoral diseases ( tumors )

Physiopathological classification

 developmental anomalies (malformations )
 metabolic diseases
 inflammatory diseases
 degenerative diseases / senescence
 tumoral diseases ( tumors )

Localizations of diseases

Diseases affect systems and organs

 diseases of nervous system
 diseases of digestive system
 diseases of respiratory system
 diseases of urogenital system
 diseases of locomotory system
 diseases of the skin / cutaneous diseases

Systems in human keywords
 http://www.humpath.com/spip.php?mot117

Diseases in humpath keywords

 Diseases
 Disease localizations

Localization

 systemic diseases
 localized diseases (diseases of a structure)

• diseases of systems
• diseases of organs
• diseases of tissues (tissular pathology )
• diseases of cells (cellular pathology )
• diseases of cellular organelles (cellular pathology )
• diseases of molecules (molecular pathology )

See also

 communicable diseases ( infectious diseases )
 non-communicable diseases (non-communicable diseases )

Links

 diseasedir.org.uk

References

 Wright A, Charlesworth B, Rudan I, Carothers A, Campbell H. A polygenic basis for late-onset disease. Trends Genet. 2003 Feb;19(2):97-106. PMID: 12547519

 Reich DE, Lander ES. On the allelic spectrum of human disease. Trends Genet. 2001 Sep;17(9):502-10. PMID: 11525833