Molecules

Articles

• acetyl-CoA
  2 June 2004

  Acetyl CoA

• galactose
  25 November 2003

  Galactose (Gal) (also called brain sugar) is a type of sugar which is less sweet than glucose. It is considered a nutritive sweetener because it has food energy.
  Galactan is a polymer of the sugar galactose. It is found in hemicellulose and can be converted to galactose by hydrolysis. Galactose solubility in water is 68.30 grams per 100 grams of water at 20–25° C.
  It is found in dairy products, in sugar beets and other gums and mucilages.
  It is also synthesized by the body, where it forms (...)

• adenine
  17 October 2005

  Definition: Adenin is a purine base (nitrogenous base) and constituent of nucleotides and as such one member of the base pair A-T (adenine-thymine) in DNA and A-U (adenine-uracil) in RNA.
  See also
  bases adenine (A) guanine (G) cytosine (C) thymine (T)
  base pairs
  nucleotide

• collagen III
  4 June 2003

  Type III collagen

• human proteins
  4 June 2003

  Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds.
  Many proteins are the enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism. Other proteins have structural or mechanical functions, such as the proteins that form the cytoskeleton, a system of scaffolding that maintains the cell shape.
  Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell cycle.
  Structure
  The (...)

• estrogens
  15 April 2005

  Estrogens are key regulators of growth, differentiation, and the physiological functions of a wide range of target tissues, including the male and female reproductive tracts, breast, and skeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, digestive and immune systems.
  The majority of these biological activities of estrogens are mediated through two genetically distinct receptors, ERalpha and ERbeta, which function as hormone-inducible transcription factors.
  Over the past decade, it has become increasingly (...)

• uric acid
  25 October 2006

  urate

• glucose
  2 June 2004

  Definition: The glucose (Glc) is a monosaccharide (or simple sugar) also known as grape sugar, blood sugar, or corn sugar. The name "glucose" comes from the Greek word glukus (γλυκύς), meaning "sweet", and the suffix "-ose," which denotes a sugar.
  The living cell uses it as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate.
  Glucose is one of the main products of photosynthesis and starts cellular respiration in both prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi, and (...)

• PRPP
  19 October 2007

  PRPP, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, 5-phospho—D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate

• glutamate
  3 May 2004

  Glutamate is a central junction for interchange of amino nitrogen, glutamate facilitates both amino acid synthesis and degradation.
  In the liver, glutamate is the terminus for release of ammonia from amino acids, and the intrahepatic concentration of glutamate modulates the rate of ammonia detoxification into urea.
  In pancreatic beta-cells, oxidation of glutamate mediates amino acid-stimulated insulin secretion.
  In the central nervous system, glutamate serves as an excitatory (...)

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