Functional proteic groups

Articles

• DNA methyltransferases
  21 November 2003

  Patterns of DNA methylation are laid out during early embryogenesis via the interplay of at least three active DNA methyltransferases, DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B, and targeted deletions of these genes in the mouse have demonstrated that the enzymes are essential for normal development.
  DNMT1 associates with the DNA replication fork and functions as a hemi-methylase responsible for maintaining correct methylation patterns on DNA replication. DNMT3s (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) are instead de novo (...)

• cancer genes
  31 May 2004

  tumor-associated genes

• MMPs
  29 October 2003

  matrix metalloproteases, matrix metalloproteinases
  Definition: Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is associated with nearly every tumor type. Although many studies have shown that MMPs can promote malignancy, recent evidence has revealed that MMPs can play a causative role also in the earliest stages of cancer development.
  MMPs not only compromise cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesion processes that impact genomic surveillance mechanisms but also act directly on (...)

• protein phosphatases
  1 December 2003

  Mitosis exit
  The mitosis-to-interphase transition involves dramatic cellular reorganization from a state that supports chromosome segregation to a state that complies with all functions of an interphase cell.
  This process, termed mitotic exit, depends on the removal of mitotic phosphorylations from a broad range of substrates.
  Mitotic exit regulation involves inactivation of mitotic kinases and activation of counteracting protein phosphatases.
  The key mitotic exit phosphatase in budding (...)

• potassium channels
  2 December 2003

  K+ channels

• RNA-binding proteins
  30 November 2003

  Function
  RNA-binding proteins are involved in various aspects of RNA metabolism such as processing, translational control, stabilization, localization and transport.
  Many of these proteins bind several RNA targets and have multiple functions.
  Feautures
  RNA transport
  RNA localization
  RNA metabolism
  RNA splicing
  References
  Lunde BM, Moore C, Varani G. RNA-binding proteins: modular design for efficient function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 May 2; PMID: #17473849#
  Musunuru K. (...)

• small GTPases
  30 November 2003

  small GTPases of the Ras superfamily in epithelial biogenesis
  The small GTPases of the Ras superfamily play critical roles in epithelial biogenesis. Many key morphogenetic functions occur when small GTPases act at epithelial junctions, where they mediate an increasingly complex interplay between cell-cell adhesion molecules and fundamental cellular processes, such as cytoskeletal activity, polarity and trafficking.
  Important recent advances in this field include the role of additional (...)

• intramembrane-cleaving proteases
  29 November 2003

  References
  Martoglio B, Golde TE. Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic proteases and disease: presenilins, signal peptide peptidase and their homologs. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Oct 15;12 Spec No 2:R201-6. PMID: #12966028#
  Weihofen A, Martoglio B. Intramembrane-cleaving proteases: controlled liberation of proteins and bioactive peptides. Trends Cell Biol. 2003 Feb;13(2):71-8. PMID: (...)

• bacterial toxins
  12 November 2003

  References
  Lax AJ. New genotoxin shows diversity of bacterial attack mechanisms. Trends Mol Med. 2007 Jan 16; PMID: #17234453#
  Fasano A. Toxins and the gut: role in human disease. Gut. 2002 May;50 Suppl 3:III9-14. PMID: #11953326#

• protein kinases
  3 December 2003

  kinases, kinase

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